There are different types of risk factors, some of which can be modified and some that cannot. Follicular thyroid cancer makes up between 10% and 15% of all thyroid cancers in the united states. International pooled analysis of risk factors for thyroid cancer for reasons that are not currently well understood, the incidence of thyroid cancer has rapidly increased in several countries over the past three decades. International pooled analysis of risk factors for thyroid cancer.
Basic facts thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer. Exposure to radiation, both from nuclear weapon or. You will learn more about coping with the physical, emotional, social, and financial effects of cancer and its treatment. Anaplastic thyroid cancer is usually diagnosed after age 60. Thyroid cancer risk factors american cancer society. Certain risk factors may increase your chance of developing thyroid cancer.
Factors that may increase the risk of thyroid cancer include. Risk factors a risk factor is anything that affects a persons chance of getting a disease such as cancer. A risk factor is something that increases the risk of developing cancer. Having a risk factor, or even several risk factors, does not mean that you will get the disease. In one study, hormonal exposures were risk factors for thyroid cancer in younger age,35 years but not in older women 12. Risks and causes thyroid cancer cancer research uk.
Also, thyroid cancer may be linked to certain genetic or hereditary problems. Jan 21, 2020 factors that may increase the risk of thyroid cancer include. The major risk factors for thyroid cancer include radiation, smoking, alcohol and nutrition elements. Hereditary conditions individuals with a family history of medullary thyroid cancer are. It can spread into your lymph nodes and is also more likely to spread into your blood vessels. A risk factor is any factor that is associated with an increased chance of developing a particular health condition, such as thyroid cancer.
The relationship between iodine intake and tc risk is controversial always. The relationship between iodine intake and the risk of. If youre concerned about your risk of developing hypothyroidism, there are two main factors to considerage and sex. Anaplastic thyroid cancer atc is a form of thyroid cancer with very poor prognosis, but is fortunately quite rare. Smoking, as tobacco contains substances that affect the thyroid gland, causing inflammation and. Risk factors and symptoms of thyroid cancer thyroid cancer. In the united states it is estimated that in 2016 approximately 64,000 new patients will be diagnosed with thyroid cancer, compared to over 240,000 patients with breast cancer and 5,000 patients with colon cancer. And many people who get the disease may have few or no known risk factors. The nccn guidelines panel for cervical cancer screening endorses the following guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. There is also a strong association with history of benign nodulesadenoma or goiter. Start here to find information on thyroid cancer treatment, screening, research, and statistics. Risk factors for goiter and thyroid nodules thyroid. The occurrence of thyroid diseases is determined by interplay between genetic and environmental factors.
Incidence, mortality, and risk factors of thyroid cancer in the world a. Casecontrol study of 126 atc patients 77 females and 49 males and 252 controls individually matched by. The following is a list of some of the known risk factors for developing thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancerpatient version national cancer institute. Risk factor inform ation for thyr oid cancer source. Exposure to ionizing radiation, particularly during childhood, is the bestestablished risk factor for tc. Risk factors for thyroid cancer canadian cancer society. A risk factor for thyroid cancer is a condition, behavior, or other part of your life that increases the likelihood of developing the disease. The major environmental factor that determines goiter prevalence is iodine status, but other. Rohan1 1department of epidemiology and population health, albert einstein. Thyroid cancer can develop at any age, but most cases occur in people 20 to 55 years of age. Radiation therapy treatments to the head and neck increase the risk of thyroid cancer. Find out what increases the risk of developing thyroid cancer, including radiation and some types of non cancerous thyroid conditions.
The aim of this study was to identify potential risk factors for atc. Sources of such radiation include certain medical treatments and radiation fallout from power plant accidents or nuclear weapons. May 19, 2017 thyroid cancer tc is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. Thyroid cancer risk factors memorial sloan kettering. Instead of thyroid surgery or antithyroid medication, some people with hyperthyroidism are treated with radioactive iodine, which will destroy the thyroid gland, rendering a person hypothyroid. Thyroid neoplasm, occupation, chemical exposure, risk. One of these causes extra tissue called polyps to form in the colon its called familial adenomatous polyposis. Its important to understand what risk factors you have for.
Anaplastic carcinoma is the most undifferentiated type of thyroid cancer, meaning that it looks the least like normal cells of the thyroid gland. Your chances of being hypothyroid increase with age, and they are greater if. Even if a person with thyroid cancer has a risk factor, it is very hard to know how much that risk factor may have contributed. In the united states it is estimated that in 2016 approximately 64,000 new patients will be diagnosed with thyroid cancer, compared to. Thyroid cancer is a malignant tumor or growth originating within the thyroid gland. Risk factors for anaplastic thyroid cancer article pdf available in international journal of endocrinology 201411. Thyroid cancer risk decreases with increasing time since atomic bomb radiation exposure and older age at the exposure. Cancer risk factors include exposure to chemicals or other substances, as well as certain behaviors.
Female gender, familial or genetic factors, radiation, an increased thyro idstimulating hormone level, iodine deficiency, autoimmune thyroid disease, toxic. The full text of this article is available in pdf format. See the hereditary cancer syndromes section for more information about. Women are diagnosed with 3 of every 4 thyroid cancers. Every cancer treatment can cause side effects or changes to your body and how you feel. Hereditary conditions individuals with a family history of medullary thyroid cancer are more likely to develop this subtype. Thyroid cancer causes, risk factors, and prevention. Thyroid carcinoma is a relatively rare tumor, but it represents the most frequent form of cancer of the endocrine glands. About 20% to 33% of medullary thyroid cancers result from inheriting an. Potential risk factors while many of the risks for developing a thyroid cancer are beyond your control, knowledge can help you. The worldwide incidence of thyroid cancer has been rapidly increasing over the last three decades. This guide will help you learn about possible causes of thyroid. Thyroid cancer risk factors memorial sloan kettering cancer.
Cancer happens when healthy cells in the gland change and grow out of control. Review of factors related to the thyroid cancer epidemic. People who undergo radiation treatment for hodgkins lymphoma or head and neck cancer are also at risk of developing hypothyroidism. Early detection of thyroid cancer is essential to a good treatment outcome. Radiation exposure is a proven risk factor for thyroid cancer. Reproductive and hormonal risk factors for thyroid cancer. Risk factors and symptoms of thyroid cancer thyroid. Changes to your physical health depend on several factors, including the cancers stage, the length and dose of treatment, and your general health. For analyses of risk in association with cigarette con. They also include things people cannot control, like age and family history.
Having any of these risk factors doesnt mean that you will definitely develop cancer. Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, traditionally classified into two major groups based on morphologic and clinical features. While certain types of thyroid cancer have been linked to various inherited conditions, as described below, the direct cause of most thyroid cancers is currently unknown. A family history of certain cancers can be a sign of a possible inherited cancer syndrome. For many reasons, people do not experience the same side effects even when they are given the same treatment for the same type of cancer. But sometimes thyroid cancer develops in people who dont have any of the risk factors described below.
American cancer society, american society for colposcopy and cervical pathology, and american society for clinical pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Although risk factors often influence the development of cancer. Searches of articles on the issue were conducted using medline. There was no significant association of iodine intake and. There are different types of risk factors, some of which can be. Having had head or neck radiation treatments in childhood4 is a risk factor for thyroid cancer.
Smoking, as tobacco contains substances that affect the thyroid gland, causing inflammation and prohibiting the absorption of iodine as well as the production of thyroid hormones. Hypothyroidism occurs primarily in women older than 50. We previously reported the results of a casecontrol study of 108 matched. You will find out more about the factors that increase the chance of developing thyroid cancer. The following factors may raise a persons risk of developing thyroid cancer. A risk factor is anything that increases a persons chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Your chances of being hypothyroid increase with age, and they are greater if youre a woman. Thus, changes in risk factors may also be related in part to these higher. Pdf the incidence of thyroid cancer has almost doubled in recent years and over 60000 people. The incidence of tc is increasing in many countries. Potential risk factors while many of the risks for developing a thyroid cancer are beyond your control, knowledge can help you share your concerns and communicate more effectively with your doctor. Thyroid cancer tc is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. International pooled analysis of risk factors for thyroid cancer for reasons that are not currently well understood, the incidence of thyroid cancer has rapidly increased in several countries over the past. There are certain lifestyle factors that increase the risk of thyroid disorders.
Thyroid cancer is relatively uncommon compared to other cancers. Thyroid cancer occurs more often in women than in men. Role of emerging environmental risk factors in thyroid cancer. Community assessment program, bureau of environmental health, massachusetts department of public health june 2015 1 how to use this factsheet this risk factor summary was developed to serve as a general fact sheet. Thyroid cancer can occur at any age, but about twothirds of all cases are found in people between the ages of 20 and 55. Even if a person with thyroid cancer has a risk factor, it is very hard to know how much that risk factor may have contributed to the cancer. Scientists have found a few risk factors that make a person more likely to develop thyroid cancer.
Searches of articles on the issue were conducted using. It is an overview and should not be considered exhaustive. Thyroid cancer symptoms, possible causes, and risk factors. As a result, it is a very aggressive form of cancer that quickly spreads to other parts of the neck and body. Risk factor information for thyroid cancer how to use this. Thyroid cancer is a malignant tumor or growth originating. Thyroid cancer is one of the few cancers that has increased in. It occurs in approximately 2 percent of thyroid cancer cases. Having a risk factor does not mean that you will get cancer. Thyroid cancer risk among radiological or nuclear accident survivors may be reduced using stable iodine potassium iodide to block the thyroids uptake of. Hypothyroidism is when your body doesnt produce enough thyroid hormone. Thyroid cancer can occur at any age, but about two. Common physical side effects from each treatment option for thyroid cancer are listed in the types of treatment section.
And many people who get the disease may have few or no known risk. Etiology of thyroid cancer c73 in central and south america iarc. Established risk factors each subtype of thyroid cancer may have different risk factors associated with its development. Its important to understand what risk factors you have for developing thyroid cancer so that your doctors can decide which treatment approach will be most effective for you. Research article risk factors associated with thyroid. Environmental factors are recognized as risk factors of thyroid cancer in humans. All models included age as the time to event variable as well as terms for study center and randomization group intervention or control. Others, like a persons age or family history, cant be changed. Risk factors of hypothyroidism could you be at risk of. International pooled analysis of risk factors for thyroid. We aim to figure out the relationship between iodine intake and tc using metaanalysis.